The Montana Constitution, drafted and ratified in 1972, reflects the state’s unique values of natural beauty, libertarianism, and trust in citizenry. Unlike its predecessor, the 1889 Constitution, which was replaced due to lack of adaptability, the modern constitution was created through a diverse citizen delegation that included women but lacked representation from Native Americans. The constitution emphasizes individual rights, with provisions for privacy, access to the courts, and a clean environment. Noteworthy are the rights to know and participate in government, which give citizens oversight and influence. Judicial interpretation of the constitution has shown a willingness to forge new paths, as seen in cases addressing privacy rights and abortion. The formal process for amending the constitution involves legislative action or a citizen petition, with the option for a new constitutional convention every 20 years. The constitution also limits legislative power and ensures transparency in government operations. Overall, the Montana Constitution is described as a blend of progressivism, libertarianism, and populism, reflecting the state’s history, values, and commitment to citizen engagement and individual freedoms.
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